THALIDOMIDE PHARMION 50mg capsules medication leaflet

L04AX02 • thalidomide • Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents | Immunosuppressants | Other immunosuppressants

Thalidomide is a medication currently used to treat certain conditions such as multiple myeloma, erythema nodosum leprosum (a complication of leprosy), and other inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. It is known for its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic properties, making it useful in controlling inflammation and tumor growth.

How it works: Thalidomide inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and reduces the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), which limits tumor growth.

Main indications:

- Multiple myeloma: Used in combination with other drugs to slow disease progression.
- Erythema nodosum leprosum: Helps reduce inflammation and associated symptoms.
- Autoimmune diseases: In some cases, it is used off-label for conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus or Crohn's disease.

Side effects: Thalidomide may cause drowsiness, constipation, peripheral neuropathy (numbness or tingling in the hands and feet), dizziness, and skin rashes. In rare cases, it can increase the risk of blood clots.

Special warnings: Thalidomide is highly teratogenic, meaning it can cause severe birth defects if taken during pregnancy. For this reason, its use is strictly regulated, and women of childbearing age must follow strict contraceptive measures.