Ruxolitinib is a selective inhibitor of Janus kinases (JAK1 and JAK2) used in the treatment of myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, and atopic dermatitis. It works by inhibiting the JAK-STAT signaling pathways, reducing inflammation and abnormal cell proliferation associated with these conditions.
Ruxolitinib is administered orally, usually twice daily, and is indicated for patients with intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis, as well as those with polycythemia vera who are resistant to hydroxyurea. It is commonly used to reduce splenomegaly, alleviate symptoms, and improve patients' quality of life.
Common side effects include anemia, thrombocytopenia, infections, and dizziness. In rare cases, severe adverse reactions such as opportunistic infections or bone marrow failure may occur. Regular monitoring of hematologic parameters is essential for dose adjustment and prevention of complications.
Ruxolitinib represents an innovative therapeutic option for patients with myeloproliferative disorders, offering significant benefits in managing symptoms and disease progression.