Indicated for: inflammation; cancer; COVID-19
Substance: dexamethasone (glucocorticoid)
ATC: H02AB02 (Systemic hormonal preparations, excluding sex hormones and insulins | Corticosteroids for systemic use, plain | Glucocorticoids)
Dexamethasone is a potent corticosteroid used to treat a wide range of inflammatory, allergic, and autoimmune conditions. It is also used in the treatment of certain cancers, cerebral edema, septic shock, and for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
It works by suppressing the body's inflammatory and immune response, reducing inflammation, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions. It is available in the form of tablets, injectable solutions, eye or nasal drops, and ointments.
Side effects may include weight gain, fluid retention, high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, insomnia, weakened immune system, osteoporosis, or, in rare cases, psychiatric disturbances (anxiety, depression). Long-term use can lead to severe side effects, such as Cushing's syndrome.
Dexamethasone is contraindicated in untreated systemic infections and should be used with caution in patients with diabetes, hypertension, osteoporosis, or gastric ulcers. It is important to take it as prescribed by a doctor, and discontinuation should be done gradually to avoid withdrawal effects.