VENDAL RETARD 30mg prolonged-release tablets medication leaflet

N02AA01 • morphine • Nervous system | Opioids | Natural opium alkaloids

Morphine is a powerful opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to severe pain, particularly in cases of chronic pain associated with cancer, postoperative pain, or other serious conditions. It works by binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system, reducing the perception of pain and the emotional response to it.

Morphine is available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, oral solutions, injections, and transdermal patches. The dosage and form of administration are determined by the doctor based on the severity of the pain and the patient’s condition.

Common side effects include drowsiness, constipation, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and dry mouth. Long-term use can lead to the development of tolerance (requiring higher doses for the same effect) and physical or psychological dependence. In severe cases, overdose can cause respiratory depression, which may be fatal.

Morphine is contraindicated in patients with severe respiratory insufficiency, intestinal obstruction, or hypersensitivity to opioids. Its use during pregnancy or breastfeeding should be done with caution, as it may affect the fetus or infant. It is essential that morphine is used strictly according to the medical prescription, and patients should be monitored for signs of abuse or dependence.