Summary of the safety profileStudies in EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC patients
The safety of TAGRISSO as a monotherapy is based on pooled data from 1956 patients with EGFRmutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer. These patients received TAGRISSO at a dose of 80 mgdaily in five randomised Phase 3 studies (ADAURA, adjuvant; FLAURA, and FLAURA2(monotherapy arm) first line; LAURA (post platinum‑based chemoradiation therapy) and AURA3,second line only), two Phase 2 single-arm studies (AURAex and AURA2, second line or later) andone Phase 1 study (AURA1, first-line or later) (see section 5.1). Most adverse reactions were Grade 1or 2 in severity. The most commonly reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were diarrhoea (46%),rash (45%), paronychia (33%), dry skin (31%), and stomatitis (23%). Grade 3 and Grade 4 adversereactions across the studies were 11% and 0.2%, respectively. In patients treated with TAGRISSO80 mg once daily, dose reductions due to adverse reactions occurred in 3.4% of the patients.
Discontinuation due to adverse reactions was 5.5%.
The safety of TAGRISSO given in combination with pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy isbased on data in 276 patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC and was consistent with
TAGRISSO monotherapy and known safety profiles of pemetrexed and platinum-basedchemotherapy. The most commonly reported ADRs when TAGRISSO was given in combination withpemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy were rash (49%), diarrhoea (43%), decreased appetite(31%), stomatitis (31%), paronychia (27%) and dry skin (24%). When TAGRISSO is administered ascombination therapy, refer to the Summary of Product Characteristics for the respective combinationtherapy components prior to initiation of treatment.
Patients with a medical history of ILD, drug-induced ILD, radiation pneumonitis that required steroidtreatment, or any evidence of clinically active ILD were excluded from clinical studies. Patients withclinically important abnormalities in rhythm and conduction as measured by resting electrocardiogram(ECG) (e.g. QTc interval greater than 470 msec) were excluded from these studies. Patients wereevaluated for LVEF at screening and every 12 weeks thereafter.
Tabulated list of adverse reactionsAdverse reactions have been assigned to the frequency categories in Table 2 where possible based onthe incidence of comparable adverse event reports in a pooled dataset from the 1956 EGFRmutation-positive NSCLC patients who received TAGRISSO monotherapy at a dose of 80 mg daily inthe ADAURA, FLAURA, FLAURA2, LAURA, AURA3, AURAex, AURA 2 and AURA1 studiesand in 276 patients treated with TAGRISSO in combination with pemetrexed and platinum-basedchemotherapy in the FLAURA2 study.
Adverse reactions are listed according to system organ class (SOC) in MedDRA. Within each systemorgan class, the adverse drug reactions are ranked by frequency, with the most frequent reactions first.
Within each frequency grouping, adverse drug reactions are presented in order of decreasingseriousness. In addition, the corresponding frequency category for each adverse reaction is based onthe CIOMS III convention and is defined as: very common (≥1/10); common (≥1/100 to <1/10);uncommon (≥1/1,000 to <1/100); rare (≥1/10,000 to <1/1,000); very rare (<1/10,000); not known(cannot be estimated from available data).
Table 2. Adverse reactions reported in ADAURA, LAURA, FLAURA, FLAURA2 and AURAstudies
MedDRA SOC a TAGRISSO with pemetrexed and
TAGRISSOand MedDRA platinum-based chemotherapybterm CIOMS descriptor/ Frequency of CIOMS descriptor/ Frequency ofoverall frequency CTCAE grade overall frequency (all CTCAE(all CTCAE grades)c 3 or higherc CTCAE grades)c grade 3 orhigherc
Blood and lymphatic system disordersAplastic anaemia Rare (0.05%) 0.05% 0% 0%
Thrombocytopenia Common (7%) 0.6% Very common (18.5%) 6.9%
Neutropenia Common (6%) 0.9% Very common (24.6%) 13.4%
Leukopenia Common (5%) 0.4% Very common (12.7%) 2.9%
Lymphopenia Common (1.6%) 0.3% Common (2.5%) 1.1%
Metabolism and nutrition disordersDecreased appetite Very common (19%) 1.1% Very common (31%) 2.9%
Eye disordersKeratitisd Uncommon (0.6%) 0.05% Uncommon (0.7%) 0%
Cardiac disordersCardiac failure Uncommon (0.5%) 0.2% Common (1.8%) 1.1%e
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersMedDRA SOC a TAGRISSO with pemetrexed and
TAGRISSOand MedDRA platinum-based chemotherapybterm CIOMS descriptor/ Frequency of CIOMS descriptor/ Frequency ofoverall frequency CTCAE grade overall frequency (all CTCAE(all CTCAE grades)c 3 or higherc CTCAE grades)c grade 3 orhigherc
Epistaxis Common (6%) 0% Common (7%) 0.4%
Interstitial lung Common (4.3%)f 1.4%g Common (3.3%)h 0.7%idisease
Radiation Common (4%) 0.2% 0% 0%
Pneumonitisj
Gastrointestinal disordersDiarrhoea Very common (46%) 1.5% Very common (43%) 2.9%
Stomatitisk Very common (23%) 0.4% Very common (31%) 0.4%
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersRashl Very common (45%) 0.8% Very common (49%) 2.5%
Paronychiam Very common (33%) 0.4% Very common (27%) 0.7%
Dry skinn Very common (31%) 0.2% Very common (24%) 0%
Prurituso Very common (17%) 0.05% Common (8%) 0%
Alopecia Common (5%) 0% Common (9%) 0%
Palmar-plantar Common (1.9%) 0% Common (5%) 0%erythrodysaesthesiasyndrome
Urticaria Common (1.9%) 0.1% Common (1.4%) 0.4%
Skin Uncommon (0.9%) 0% Common (2.5%) 0%hyperpigmentationp
Erythema Uncommon (0.3%) 0% Common (1.4%) 0.7%multiformeq
Cutaneous Uncommon (0.2%) 0% 0%vasculitisr
Stevens-Johnson Rare (0.02%) 0% 0%syndromes
Toxic Epidermal Not known 0% 0%
Necrolysist
InvestigationsLeft ventricular Common (4.1%) Common (8.0%)ejection fractiondecreasedu,v
Blood creatine Common (2%) 0.4% Common (3.3%) 1.1%phosphokinaseincreased
QTc interval Common (1.1%) Common (1.8%)prolongationw
Investigations (Findings based on test results presented as CTCAE grade shifts)
Leukocytes Very common (65%) 1.9% Very common (88%) 20%decreasedu
Lymphocytes Very common (64%) 8% Very common (78%) 16%decreasedu
Platelet count Very common (53%) 1.3% Very common (85%) 16%decreasedu
Neutrophils Very common (36%) 4.0% Very common (85%) 36%decreasedu
MedDRA SOC a TAGRISSO with pemetrexed and
TAGRISSOand MedDRA platinum-based chemotherapybterm CIOMS descriptor/ Frequency of CIOMS descriptor/ Frequency ofoverall frequency CTCAE grade overall frequency (all CTCAE(all CTCAE grades)c 3 or higherc CTCAE grades)c grade 3 orhigherc
Blood creatinine Common (5.6%) 0.05% Very common (22%) 0.4%increased
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disordersMyositis Uncommon (0.2%) 0% 0% 0%a Data is pooled from ADAURA, FLAURA, FLAURA2 (monotherapy arm), LAURA and AURA (AURA3,
AURAex, AURA 2 and AURA1) studies; only events for patients receiving at least one dose of TAGRISSOas their randomised treatment are summarised.b Data is from the combination arm of the FLAURA2 study; only events for the patients receiving at least onedose of study treatment (TAGRISSO, pemetrexed, cisplatin or carboplatin) as their randomised treatment aresummarised. The median duration of study treatment was 22.3 months for patients in the TAGRISSO withpemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy arm.c National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), version 5.0.d Includes: corneal epithelium defect, corneal erosion, keratitis, punctate keratitis.e Two CTCAE Grade 5 events (fatal) were reported.f Includes: interstitial lung disease (1.8%), pneumonitis (2.2%), pulmonary fibrosis (0.2%), organisingpneumonia (0.1%).g Eight CTCAE Grade 5 events (fatal) were reported.h Includes: interstitial lung disease (1.8%), pneumonitis (1.1%), organising pneumonia (0.4%).i One CTCAE Grade 5 event (fatal) was reported.j Includes: radiation fibrosis-lung (0.05%).k Includes: mouth ulceration, stomatitis.l Includes: acne, dermatitis, dermatitis acneiform, drug eruption, erythema, folliculitis, pustule, rash, rasherythematous, rash follicular, rash macular, rash maculo-papular, rash papular, rash pustular, rash pruritic,rash vesicular, skin erosion.m Includes: nail bed disorder, nail bed infection, nail bed inflammation, nail discolouration, nail disorder, naildystrophy, nail infection, nail pigmentation, nail ridging, nail toxicity, onychalgia, onychoclasis, onycholysis,onychomadesis, onychomalacia, paronychia.n Includes: dry skin, eczema, skin fissures, xeroderma, xerosis.o Includes: eyelid pruritus, pruritus.p Cases of erythema dyschromicum perstans have been reported in the post-marketing setting.q Six of the 1956 patients in the ADAURA, AURA, FLAURA, FLAURA2 (monotherapy arm), LAURA and
AURA studies reported erythema multiforme. Post-marketing reports of erythema multiforme have also beenreceived, including 7 reports from a post-marketing surveillance study (N=3578).r Estimated frequency. The upper limit of the 95% CI for the point estimate is 3/1956 (0.4%).s One event was reported in a post-marketing study, and the frequency has been derived from the ADAURA,
FLAURA, FLAURA2 (monotherapy arm), LAURA and AURA studies and the post-marketing study(N=5534).t Reported during post-marketing use.u Represents the incidence of laboratory findings, not of reported adverse events.v Represents decreases greater than or equal to 10 percentage points and a drop to less than 50%.w Represents the incidence of patients who had a QTcF prolongation >500 msec.
Description of selected adverse reactionsInterstitial lung disease (ILD)
In the ADAURA, FLAURA, FLAURA2 (monotherapy arm), AURA and LAURA studies, ILD or
ILD-like adverse reactions were reported in 4.3% of the 1956 patients. Eight fatal cases were reported.
No fatal cases were reported in the adjuvant setting. The incidence of ILD was 10.4% in patients of
Japanese ethnicity, 2.8% in patients of non-Japanese Asian ethnicity and 3.2% in non-Asian patients.
The median time from first dose to onset of ILD or ILD-like adverse reactions was 85 days (seesection 4.4).
ILD or ILD-like adverse reactions were reported in 7.7% and were fatal in 0.7% (n=1) of the 143patients who received TAGRISSO following definitive platinum-based chemoradiation therapy in
LAURA. The incidence of ILD was 6.6% in patients of non-Japanese Asian ethnicity and 17.2% innon-Asian patients; no patients of Japanese ethnicity had an event of ILD. The median time from firstdose to onset of ILD or ILD-like adverse reactions was 1.9 months. The median time from last dose ofradiotherapy to onset of ILD or ILD-like adverse reactions was 3.0 months.
ILD or ILD-like adverse reactions were reported in 3.3% and were fatal in 0.4% (n=1) of the 276patients who received TAGRISSO in combination with pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapyin FLAURA2. The incidence of ILD was 14.9% in patients of Japanese ethnicity and 1.7% in non-
Asian patients; no patients of non-Japanese Asian ethnicity had an event of ILD in the FLAURA2combination arm. The median time from first dose to onset of ILD or ILD-like adverse reactions was161 days.
Radiation pneumonitis
In the LAURA study, following definitive platinum-based chemoradiation therapy, radiationpneumonitis was reported in 48% of the 143 patients who received TAGRISSO and 38% of the73 patients who received placebo. Three (2.1%) patients had Grade 3 events, all in the TAGRISSOarm, and no Grade 4 or Grade 5 events were reported in either arm. The median time from first dose toonset of radiation pneumonitis was 1.7 months in the TAGRISSO arm and 1.8 months in the placeboarm. The median time from last dose of radiotherapy to onset of radiation pneumonitis was 2.5 monthsin the TAGRISSO arm and 2.6 months in the placebo arm.
QTc interval prolongation
Of the 1956 patients in ADAURA, FLAURA, FLAURA2, LAURA and AURA studies treated with
TAGRISSO monotherapy 80 mg, 1.1% of patients (n=21) were found to have a QTc greater than 500msec, and 4% of patients (n=79) had an increase from baseline QTc greater than 60 msec. Apharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic analysis with TAGRISSO predicted a concentration-dependentincrease in QTc interval prolongation. No QTc-related arrhythmias were reported in the ADAURA,
LAURA, FLAURA, FLAURA2 or AURA studies (see sections 4.4 and 5.1). In patients who received
TAGRISSO in combination with pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy, the proportion ofpatients who experienced a QTc interval prolongation of greater than 500 msec with a greater than 60msec increase from baseline was low and was similar with monotherapy (1.8% versus 1.5%).
Gastrointestinal effectsIn the ADAURA, FLAURA, FLAURA2, LAURA and AURA studies (TAGRISSO monotherapy;
N=1956), diarrhoea was reported in 46% of patients of which 36% were Grade 1 events, 8. 1% Grade2 and 1.5% were Grade 3; no Grade 4 or 5 events were reported. Dose reduction was required in 0.6%of patients and dose interruption in 1.9%. Four events (0.2%) led to discontinuation. In ADAURA,
FLAURA, FLAURA2 (monotherapy arm) and AURA3 the median time to onset was 22 days, 19days, 22 days and 22 days, respectively, and the median duration of the Grade 2 events was 11 days,19 days, 17 days and 6 days, respectively. In patients who received TAGRISSO in combination withpemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy, diarrhoea was reported in 43% of patients versus 41%of patients in monotherapy, most of these diarrhoea events were Grade 1 and Grade 2 events.
Haematological events
Early reductions in the median laboratory counts of leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils and plateletshave been observed in patients treated with TAGRISSO, which stabilised over time and then remainedabove the lower limit of normal. Adverse events of leukopenia, lymphopenia, neutropenia andthrombocytopenia have been reported, most of which were mild or moderate in severity and did notlead to dose interruptions. Rare cases of aplastic anaemia, including fatal events, have been reported inassociation with TAGRISSO treatment. TAGRISSO should be discontinued in patients withconfirmed aplastic anaemia (see section 4.2 and 4.4).
ElderlyIn ADAURA, FLAURA, FLAURA2, LAURA and AURA3 (TAGRISSO monotherapy; N=1956),43% of patients were 65 years of age and older, and 11% were 75 years of age and older. Comparedwith younger patients (<65), more patients ≥65 years old had reported adverse reactions that led tostudy dose modifications (interruptions or reductions) (18% versus 13%). The types of adverse eventsreported were similar regardless of age. Older patients reported more Grade 3 or higher adversereactions compared to younger patients (14% versus 9%). No overall differences in efficacy wereobserved between older and younger patients. A consistent pattern in safety and efficacy results wasobserved in the analysis of AURA Phase 2 studies. Of the 276 patients treated with TAGRISSO incombination with pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy, 104 patients were ≥65 years and 23patients were ≥75 years of age. Older patients (≥65 years) reported similar Grade 3 or higher adversereactions compared to <65 years old patients (36% versus 36%) respectively. Dose modification foradverse reactions were reported in a higher proportion of patients ≥65 years as compared to <65 years(34% vs 20%).
Low body weight
Patients receiving TAGRISSO monotherapy (80 mg; N=1956) with low body weight (<50 kg)reported higher frequencies of Grade ≥3 adverse reactions (20% versus 10%) and QTc prolongation(12% versus 6%) than patients with higher body weight (≥50 kg). Patients who received TAGRISSOin combination with pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy with low body weight (<50 kg)reported similar frequencies of Grade ≥3 adverse reactions (32% versus 37%) when compared topatients with higher body weight (≥50 kg). In contrast, dry skin (34% versus 22%) and stomatitis(40% versus 30%) were reported at higher frequencies in patients with low body weight (<50 kg)versus higher body weight (≥50 kg).
Reporting of suspected adverse reactionsReporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. Itallows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcareprofessionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the national reporting systemlisted in Appendix V.
Pharmacotherapeutic group: antineoplastic agents, protein kinase inhibitors. ATC code: L01EB04.
Mechanism of actionOsimertinib is a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI). It is an irreversible inhibitor of EGFRs harboringsensitising-mutations (EGFRm) and TKI-resistance mutation T790M.
Pharmacodynamic effectsIn vitro studies have demonstrated that osimertinib has high potency and inhibitory activity against
EGFR across a range of all clinically relevant EGFR sensitising-mutant and T790M mutant NSCLCcell lines (apparent IC50s from 6 nM to 54 nM against phospho-EGFR). This leads to inhibition of cellgrowth, while showing significantly less activity against EGFR in wild-type cell lines (apparent IC50sfrom 480 nM to 1.8 μM against phospho-EGFR). In vivo oral administration of osimertinib lead totumour shrinkage in both EGFRm and T790M NSCLC xenograft and transgenic mouse lung tumourmodels.
Cardiac electrophysiologyThe QTc interval prolongation potential of TAGRISSO was assessed in 210 patients who receivedosimertinib 80 mg daily in AURA2. Serial ECGs were collected following a single dose and atsteady-state to evaluate the effect of osimertinib on QTc intervals. Apharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis predicted a drug-related QTc interval prolongation at80 mg of 14 msec with an upper bound of 16 msec (90% CI).
Clinical efficacy and safetyAdjuvant treatment of EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC, with or without prior adjuvant chemotherapy- ADAURA
The efficacy and safety of TAGRISSO for the adjuvant treatment of patients with EGFR mutation-positive (Ex19del or L858R) NSCLC who have had complete tumour resection with or without prioradjuvant chemotherapy was demonstrated in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study(ADAURA).
Eligible patients with resectable tumors stage IB-IIIA (according to American Joint Commission on
Cancer [AJCC] 7th edition) were required to have EGFR mutations (Ex19del or L858R), identified bythe cobas EGFR Mutation Test performed prospectively using biopsy or surgical specimen in a centrallaboratory.
Patients were randomised 1:1 to receive TAGRISSO (n=339, 80 mg orally once daily) or placebo(n=343) following recovery from surgery and standard adjuvant chemotherapy where given. Patientsnot receiving adjuvant chemotherapy were randomised within 10 weeks and patients receivingadjuvant chemotherapy within 26 weeks following surgery. Randomisation was stratified by EGFRmutation type (Ex19del or L858R), ethnicity (Asian or non-Asian) and staging based on pathologicaltumor-node-metastasis (pTNM) (IB or II or IIIA) according to AJCC 7th edition. Treatment was givenuntil disease recurrence, unacceptable toxicity, or for 3 years.
The major efficacy outcome measure was disease-free survival (DFS) by investigator assessment inthe stage II-IIIA population. DFS by investigator assessment in the stage IB-IIIA population (overallpopulation) was an additional efficacy outcome measure. Other additional efficacy outcome measuresincluded DFS rate, overall survival (OS), OS rate, and time to deterioration in health-related quality oflife (HRQoL) SF-36.
The baseline demographic and disease characteristics of the overall population were: median age63 years (range 30-86 years), ≥75 years old (11%), female (70%), Asian (64%), never smokers (72%),
World Health Organization (WHO) performance status of 0 (64%) or 1 (36%), stage IB (31%), stage
II (34%), and IIIA (35%). With regards to EGFR mutation status, 55% were exon 19 deletions and45% were exon 21 L858R substitution mutations; 9 patients (1%) also had a concurrent de novo
T790M mutation. The majority (60%) of patients received adjuvant chemotherapy prior torandomisation (26% IB; 71% IIA; 73% IIB; 80% IIIA). At the time of the DFS analysis, 205 (61%)patients were still on active treatment; of the 73 (11%) patients who had the opportunity to completethe 3-year treatment period, 40 (12%) were in the osimertinib arm and 33 (10%) in the placebo arm.
There were 37 patients who had disease recurrence on TAGRISSO. The most commonly reported sitesof recurrence were: lung (19 patients); lymph nodes (10 patients) and central nervous system (CNS)(5 patients). There were 157 patients who had disease recurrence on placebo. The most commonlyreported sites were: lung (61 patients); lymph nodes (48 patients) and CNS (34 patients).
ADAURA demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the risk of disease recurrence or deathfor patients treated with TAGRISSO compared to patients treated with placebo in the stage II-IIIApopulation. Similar results were observed in the stage IB-IIIA population.
Efficacy results from ADAURA by investigator assessment are summarised in Table 3.
Table 3. Efficacy results from ADAURA by investigator assessment
Stage II-IIIA population Stage IB-IIIA population
Efficacy parameter TAGRISSO Placebo TAGRISSO Placebo(N=233) (N=237) (N=339) (N=343)
Disease-free survival
Number of events (%) 26 (11) 130 (55) 37 (11) 159 (46)
Recurrent disease (%) 26 (11) 129 (54) 37 (11) 157 (46)
Deaths (%) 0 1 (0.4) 0 2 (0.6)
Median DFS, months
NC (38.8, NC) 19.6 (16.6, 24.5) NC (NC, NC) 27.5 (22.0, 35.0)(95% CI)
HR (99.06% CI);0.17 (0.11, 0.26); <0.0001a 0.20 (0.14, 0.30); <0.0001b
P-value
DFS rate at 12 months97 (94, 99) 61 (54, 67) 97 (95, 99) 69 (63, 73)(%) (95% CI)
DFS rate at 24 months90 (84, 93) 44 (37, 51) 89 (85, 92) 52 (46, 58)(%) (95% CI)
DFS rate at 36 months78 (65, 87) 28 (19, 38) 79 (69, 86) 40 (32, 48)(%) (95% CI)c,d
HR=Hazard Ratio; CI=Confidence Interval; NC=Not Calculable
DFS results based on investigator assessment.
A HR <1 favours TAGRISSO.
Median follow-up time for DFS was 22.1 months for patients receiving TAGRISSO, 14.9 months for patients receivingplacebo (stage II-IIIA population) and 16.6 months for patients receiving placebo (stage IB-IIIA population).
DFS results are from the primary analysis (17 January 2020).
a Adjusted for an interim analysis (33% maturity) a p-value <0.0094 was required to achieve statistical significance.b Adjusted for an interim analysis (29% maturity) a p-value <0.0088 was required to achieve statistical significance.c The number of patients at risk at 36 months was 18 patients in the TAGRISSO arm and 9 patients in the placebo arm (stage
II-IIIA population).d The number of patients at risk at 36 months was 27 patients in the TAGRISSO arm and 20 patients in the placebo arm(stage IB-IIIA population).
The final analysis of OS (data cut-off [DCO]: 27 January 2023) demonstrated a statistically significantimprovement in OS for patients treated with TAGRISSO compared to placebo for both the stage II-
IIIA population (100 OS events [21% maturity]; HR=0.49; 95.03% CI: 0.33, 0.73; p-value=0.0004)and the overall population (IB-IIIA; 124 OS events [18% maturity]; HR=0.49; 95.03% CI: 0.34, 0.70;p-value <0.0001). For both populations, the median OS was not reached in either treatment arm andthe 95% CIs were not calculable. The median follow-up time for OS in all patients was 59.9 months(stage II-IIIA population) and 60.4 months (stage IB-IIIA population) in the TAGRISSO arm and56.2 months (stage II-IIIA population) and 59.4 months (stage IB-IIIA population) in the placebo arm.
Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier curve of disease-free survival in stage II-IIIA patients by investigatorassessment
TAGRISSO (N=233)
Median NC
Placebo (N=237)
Median 19.6 months
Hazard Ratio = 0.1799.06% CI (0.11,0.26)
P-value <0.0001
TAGRISSO
Placebo
Number at risk Time from randomisation (months)
TAGRISSO
Placebo+ Censored patients.
The values at the base of the figure indicate number of subjects at risk.
NC = Not Calculable.
Probability of Disease-Free Survival
Figure 2. Kaplan-Meier curve of disease-free survival in stage IB-IIIA (overall population)patients by investigator assessment
TAGRISSO (N=339)
Median NC
Placebo (N=343)
Median 27.5 months
Hazard Ratio = 0.2099.12% CI (0.14, 0.30)
P-value <0.0001
Number at risk
TAGRISSO TAGRISSO
Placebo Placebo
Time from randomisation (months)+ Censored patients.
The values at the base of the figure indicate number of subjects at risk.
NC = Not Calculable.
The DFS benefit of TAGRISSO compared to placebo was consistent across all predefined subgroupsanalysed, including ethnicity, age, gender, and EGFR mutation type (Ex19Del or L858R).
Figure 3. Kaplan-Meier curve of overall survival in stage II-IIIA patients
Hazard Ratio = 0.4995.03% CI (0.33, 0.73)
P-value 0.0004
TAGRISSO
Placebo
Time from randomisation (months)
Number at risk
TAGRISSO
Placebo+ Censored patients.
The values at the base of the figure indicate number of subjects at risk.
Probability of Overall Survival Probability of Disease-Free Survival
Figure 4. Kaplan-Meier curve of overall survival in stage IB-IIIA (overall population) patients
Hazard Ratio = 0.4995.03% CI (0.34, 0.70)
P-value <0.0001
TAGRISSO
Placebo
Time from randomisation (months)
Number at risk
TAGRISSO
Placebo+ Censored patients.
The values at the base of the figure indicate number of subjects at risk.
An exploratory analysis of CNS DFS (time to CNS recurrence or death) for patients on TAGRISSOcompared to patients on placebo showed a HR of 0.18 (95% CI: 0.10, 0.33; p<0.0001) for the overallpopulation (stage IB-IIIA).
Patient-reported outcomes
Health-related quality of life (HRQL) in ADAURA was assessed using the Short Form (36) Health
Survey version 2 (SF-36v2) questionnaire. SF-36v2 was administered at 12 weeks, 24 weeks and thenevery 24 weeks relative to randomisation until treatment completion or discontinuation. Overall,
HRQL was maintained in both arms up to 30 months, with at least 70% of patients in the stage II-IIIApopulation not experiencing a clinically meaningful deterioration in the physical component of the
SF-36 or death (70% vs 76% for TAGRISSO vs placebo), or in the mental component of the SF-36 ordeath (70% vs 71% for TAGRISSO vs placebo).
Locally advanced, unresectable EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC - LAURA
The efficacy and safety of TAGRISSO for the treatment of patients with EGFR mutation-positive,locally advanced, unresectable NSCLC, who had not progressed during or following definitiveplatinum-based chemoradiation therapy, were evaluated in a randomised, double-blind,placebo-controlled study (LAURA). Patients were to receive concurrent chemoradiation therapy(CCRT) or sequential chemoradiation therapy (SCRT) regimens, where at least 2 cycles or 5 weeklydoses of platinum-based chemotherapy and a total dose of radiation of 60 Gy ±10% (54 Gy to 66 Gy),were to be completed ≤6 weeks prior to randomisation. Patient tumour tissue samples were required tohave an EGFR exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R mutation, as identified by central or local testingusing a certified/approved test.
Probability of Overall Survival
Patients were randomised (2:1) to receive either TAGRISSO 80 mg orally once daily (n=143) orplacebo (n=73). Randomisation was stratified by prior chemoradiation strategy (CCRT vs SCRT),tumour staging prior to chemoradiation (IIIA vs IIIB/IIIC), and by the China cohort. Patientscontinued to receive study treatment until intolerance to therapy or confirmed disease progression.
Cross-over from placebo to TAGRISSO was permitted upon progressive disease.
The primary efficacy endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) as assessed by blinded independentcentral review (BICR). Additional efficacy endpoints included OS and CNS PFS as assessed byneuroradiologist BICR.
The baseline demographic and disease characteristics of the overall study population were: median age63 years (range 36-84 years), ≥75 years old (13%), female (61%), Asian (82%), White (14%), neversmokers (70%). Baseline WHO performance status was 0 (51%) or 1 (49%); 35% of patients had stage
IIIA, 49% of patients had stage IIIB and 16% of patients had stage IIIC NSCLC. With regard to EGFRmutation status, 54% were exon 19 deletions and 45% were exon 21 L858R mutations. Prior torandomisation, 89% of patients received CCRT and 11% of patients received SCRT. All patientsreceived platinum-based chemotherapy (55% carboplatin-based chemotherapy and 44%cisplatin-based chemotherapy). The median total dose of radiation was 60 Gy for patients in botharms.
Treatment with TAGRISSO following platinum-based chemoradiation therapy resulted in astatistically significant improvement in PFS compared to placebo (56% maturity; HR=0.16; 95% CI:
0.10, 0.24; P<0.001, median 39.1 months and 5.6 months, respectively).
Per protocol, all patients underwent baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans and allbut one patient had scheduled on-treatment MRI brain scans. A lower proportion of patients had new
CNS lesions by neuroradiologist review in the TAGRISSO arm compared to the placebo arm (17/143[12%] vs. 26/73 [36%], respectively).
At the time of the interim analysis of OS (DCO: 05 January 2024), statistical significance was notreached. Fifty out of 62 patients (80.6%) in placebo arm were treated with TAGRISSO post-BICRconfirmed disease progression.
Efficacy results from LAURA are summarised in Table 4, and the Kaplan-Meier curve for PFS isshown in Figure 5.
Table 4. Efficacy results from LAURA
TAGRISSO Placebo
Efficacy Parameter(N=143) (N=73)
Progression-Free Survivala
Number (%) of events 57 (40) 63 (86)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) 39.1 (31.5, NC) 5.6 (3.7, 7.4)
HR (95% CI); P-value 0.16 (0.10, 0.24); P<0.001
Overall Survival
Number (%) of deaths 28 (20) 15 (21)
Median OS, months (95% CI) 54.0 (46.5, NC) NC (42.1, NC)
TAGRISSO Placebo
Efficacy Parameter(N=143) (N=73)
HR (95% CI); P-value 0.81 (0.42, 1.56); P=0.530a
HR=Hazard Ratio; CI=Confidence Interval, NC=Not Calculable
PFS results as assessed by BICR.
Median follow-up time for PFS in all patients was 22.0 months in the TAGRISSO arm and 5.6 months in theplacebo arm.a Adjusted for an interim analysis (20% maturity) a p-value <0.000036 was required to achieve statisticalsignificance.
Figure 5. Kaplan-Meier Curves of Progression-Free Survival as assessed by BICR in LAURA
TAGRISSO (N=143)
Median 39.1 months
Placebo (N=73)
Median 5.6 months
Hazard Ratio=0.1695% CI (0.10, 0.24)
P-value <0.001
TAGRISSO
Placebo
Time from randomisation (months)
Number at risk
TAGRISSO
Placebo+ Censored patients.
The values at the base of the figure indicate number of patients at risk.
Previously untreated EGFR mutation-positive locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC
FLAURA- Monotherapy
The efficacy and safety of TAGRISSO for the treatment of patients with EGFR mutation-positivelocally advanced, not amenable to curative surgery or radiotherapy, or metastatic NSCLC, who hadnot received previous systemic treatment for advanced disease, was demonstrated in a randomised,double-blind, active-controlled study (FLAURA). Patient tumour tissue samples were required to haveone of the two common EGFR mutations known to be associated with EGFR TKI sensitivity (Ex19delor L858R), as identified by local or central testing.
Patients were randomised 1:1 to receive either TAGRISSO (n=279, 80 mg orally once daily) or EGFR
TKI comparator (n=277; gefitinib 250 mg orally once daily or erlotinib 150 mg orally once daily).
Randomisation was stratified by EGFR mutation type (Ex19del or L858R) and ethnicity (Asian ornon-Asian). Patients received study therapy until intolerance to therapy, or the investigator determinedthat the patient was no longer experiencing clinical benefit. For patients receiving EGFR TKI
Probability of Progression-Free Survivalcomparator, post-progression crossover to open-label TAGRISSO was permitted provided tumoursamples tested positive for the T790M mutation. The primary efficacy endpoint was PFS as assessedby investigator.
The baseline demographic and disease characteristics of the overall study population were: median age64 years (range 26-93 years), ≥75 years old (14%), female (63%), White (36%), Asian (62%), neversmokers (64%), WHO performance status of 0 or 1 (100%), metastatic bone disease (36%), extra-thoracic visceral metastases (35%), CNS metastases (21%, identified by CNS lesion site at baseline,medical history, and/or prior surgery, and/or prior radiotherapy to CNS metastases).
TAGRISSO demonstrated a clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvement in PFScompared to EGFR TKI comparator (median 18.9 months and 10.2 months, respectively, HR=0.46,95% CI: 0.37, 0.57; P<0.0001). Efficacy results from FLAURA by investigator assessment aresummarised in Table 5, and the Kaplan-Meier curve for PFS is shown in Figure 6. The final analysisof OS, (58% maturity) demonstrated a statistically significant improvement with an HR of 0.799(95.05% CI: 0.641, 0.997) and a clinically meaningful longer median survival time in patientsrandomised to TAGRISSO compared to EGFR TKI comparator (Table 5 and Figure 7). A greaterproportion of patients treated with TAGRISSO were alive at 12, 18, 24 and 36 months (89%, 81%,74% and 54% respectively) compared to patients treated with EGFR TKI comparator (83%, 71%, 59%and 44% respectively). Analysis of post-progression endpoints demonstrated that the PFS benefit waspreserved through subsequent lines of therapy.
Table 5. Efficacy results from FLAURA by investigator assessment
Efficacy parameter TAGRISSO EGFR TKI comparator(N=279) (gefitinib or erlotinib)(N=277)
Progression-free survival
Number of events (62% maturity) 136 (49) 206 (74)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) 18.9 (15.2, 21.4) 10.2 (9.6, 11.1)
HR (95% CI); P-value 0.46 (0.37, 0.57); P<0.0001
Overall survival
Number of deaths, (58% maturity) 155 (56) 166 (60)
Median OS, months (95% CI) 38.6 (34.5, 41.8) 31.8 (26.6, 36.0)
HR (95.05% CI); P-value 0.799 (0.641, 0.997); P=0.0462a
Objective response rate*b
Number of responses (n), Response Rate 223 210(95% CI) 80% (75, 85) 76% (70, 81)
Odds ratio (95% CI); P-value 1.3 (0.9, 1.9); P=0.2421
Duration of response (DoR)*
Median DoR, months (95% CI) 17.2 (13.8, 22.0) 8.5 (7.3, 9.8)
Second PFS after start of first subsequent therapy (PFS2)
Number of patients with second73 (26) 106 (38)progression (%)
Median PFS2, months (95% CI) NC (23.7, NC) 20.0 (18.0, NC)
HR (95% CI); P-value 0.58 (0.44, 0.78); P=0.0004
Time from randomisation to first subsequent treatment or death (TFST)
Number of patients who had first115 (41) 175 (63)subsequent treatment or died (%)
Median TFST, months (95% CI) 23.5 (22.0, NC) 13.8 (12.3, 15.7)
HR (95% CI); P-value 0.51 (0.40, 0.64); P<0.0001
Time from randomisation to second subsequent treatment or death (TSST)
Number of patients who had second75 (27) 110 (40)subsequent treatment or died (%)
Median TSST, months (95% CI) NC (NC, NC) 25.9 (20.0, NC)
HR (95% CI); P-value 0.60 (0.45, 0.80); P=0.0005
HR=Hazard Ratio; CI=Confidence Interval, NC=Not Calculable
PFS, ORR, DoR and PFS2 results based on RECIST investigator assessment.
*Based on unconfirmed response.
Median follow-up time was 15.0 months for patients receiving TAGRISSO and 9.7 months for patients receiving
EGFR TKI comparator.
Median survival follow-up time was 35.8 months for patients receiving TAGRISSO and 27.0 months for patientsreceiving EGFR TKI comparator.
PFS, ORR, DoR, PFS2, TFST and TSST results are from DCO 12 June 2017. OS results are from DCO 25 June2019.
A HR <1 favours TAGRISSO, an Odds ratio of >1 favours TAGRISSO.a Adjusted for an interim analysis (25% maturity) a p-value <0.0495 was required to achieve statisticalsignificance.b ORR results by BICR were consistent with those reported via investigator assessment; ORR by BICRassessment was 78% (95% CI: 73, 83) on TAGRISSO and 70% (95% CI: 65, 76) on EGFR TKI comparator.
Figure 6. Kaplan-Meier curves of progression-free survival as assessed by investigator in
FLAURA
TAGRISSO (N=279)
Median 18.9 months
SoC (N=277)
Median 10.2 months
Hazard Ratio = 0.4695% CI (0.37, 0.57)
P-value <0.0001
TAGRISSO
SoC
Time from randomisation (months)
Number at risk
TAGRISSO
SoC+ Censored patients.
The values at the base of the figure indicate number of subjects at risk.
Figure 7. Kaplan-Meier curves of overall survival in FLAURA
TAGRISSO (N=279)
Median 38.6 months
SoC (N=277)
Median 31.8 months
Hazard Ratio = 0.79995.05% CI (0.641, 0.997)
P-value 0.0462
TAGRISSO
SoC
Number at risk Time from randomisation (months)
TAGRISSO
SoC+ Censored patients.
The values at the base of the figure indicate number of subjects at risk.
Probability of Progression-Free Survival
Probability of Overall Survival
The PFS benefit of TAGRISSO compared to EGFR TKI comparator was consistent across allpredefined subgroups analysed, including ethnicity, age, gender, smoking history, CNS metastasesstatus at study entry and EGFR mutation type (Exon 19 deletion or L858R).
CNS metastases efficacy data in FLAURA study
Patients with CNS metastases not requiring steroids and with stable neurologic status for at least twoweeks after completion of the definitive therapy and steroids were eligible to be randomised in the
FLAURA study. Of 556 patients, 200 patients had available baseline brain scans. A Blinded
Independent Central Review (BICR) assessment of these scans resulted in a subgroup of 128/556(23%) patients with CNS metastases and these data are summarised in Table 6. CNS efficacy by
RECIST v1.1 in FLAURA demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in CNS PFS(HR=0.48, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.86; P=0.014).
Table 6. CNS efficacy by BICR in patients with CNS metastases on a baseline brain scan in
FLAURA
Efficacy parameter TAGRISSO EGFR TKI comparator
N=61 (gefitinib or erlotinib)
N=67
CNS progression-free survival a
Number of events (%) 18 (30) 30 (45)
Median CNS PFS, months (95% CI) NC (16.5, NC) 13.9 (8.3, NC)
HR (95% CI); P-value 0.48 (0.26, 0.86); P=0.014
CNS progression free and alive at 687 (74, 94) 71 (57, 81)months (%) (95% CI)
CNS progression free and alive at77 (62, 86) 56 (42, 68)12 months (%) (95% CI)
HR=Hazard Ratio; CI=Confidence Interval, NC=Not Calculable
A HR <1 favours TAGRISSO, an Odds ratio of >1 favours TAGRISSO.a CNS PFS determined by RECIST v1.1by CNS BICR (CNS measurable and non-measurable lesions atbaseline by BICR) n=61 for TAGRISSO and n=67 for EGFR TKI comparator; responses are unconfirmed.
A pre-specified PFS subgroup based on CNS metastases status (identified by CNS lesion site atbaseline, medical history, and/or prior surgery, and/or prior radiotherapy to CNS metastases) at studyentry was performed in FLAURA and is shown in Figure 8. Irrespective of CNS lesion status at studyentry, patients in the TAGRISSO arm demonstrated an efficacy benefit over those in the EGFR TKIcomparator arm and there were fewer patients with new CNS lesions in the TAGRISSO arm comparedto the EGFR TKI comparator arm (TAGRISSO, 11/279 [3.9%] compared to EGFR TKI comparator,34/277 [12.3%]). In the subset of patients without CNS lesions at baseline, there were a lower numberof new CNS lesions in the TAGRISSO arm compared to the EGFR TKI comparator arm (7/226[3.1%] vs. 15/214 [7.0%], respectively).
Figure 8. Overall PFS by investigator assessment by CNS metastases status at study entry,
Kaplan-Meier plot (full analysis set) in FLAURA
CNS Metastases = No CNS Metastases = Yes
TAGRISSO (N=226) TAGRISSO (N=53)
Median 19.1 months Median 15.2 months
SoC (N=214) SoC (N=63)
Median 10.9 months Median 9.6 months
Hazard Ratio = 0.46 Hazard Ratio = 0.4795% CI (0.36, 0.59) 95% CI (0.30, 0.74)
P-value <0.0001 P-value 0.00091. CNS Metastases at Entry = No: TAGRISSO2. CNS Metastases at Entry = No: SoC3. CNS Metastases at Entry = Yes: TAGRISSO4. CNS Metastases at Entry = Yes: SoC
Time from randomisation (months)
Number at risk1.2.
3.
4.
+ Censored patients.
The values at the base of the figure indicate number of subjects at risk.
Patient-reported outcomes
Patient-reported symptoms and HRQL were electronically collected using the EORTC QLQ-C30 andits lung cancer module (EORTC QLQ-LC13). The LC13 was initially administered once a week forthe first 6 weeks, then every 3 weeks before and after progression. The C30 was assessed every 6weeks before and after progression. At baseline, no differences in patient reported symptoms, functionor HRQL were observed between TAGRISSO and EGFR TKI comparator (gefitinib or erlotinib)arms. Compliance over the first 9 months was generally high (≥70%) and similar in both arms.
Key lung cancer symptoms analysis
Data collected from baseline up to month 9 showed similar improvements in TAGRISSO and EGFR
TKI comparator groups for the five pre-specified primary PRO symptoms (cough, dyspnoea, chestpain, fatigue, and appetite loss) with improvement in cough reaching the established clinically relevantcut-off. Up to month 9 there were no clinically meaningful differences in patient-reported symptomsbetween TAGRISSO and EGFR TKI comparator groups (as assessed by a difference of ≥10 points).
HRQL and physical functioning improvement analysis
Both groups reported similar improvements in most functioning domains and global healthstatus/HRQL, indicating that patients’ overall health status improved. Up to month 9, there were noclinically meaningful differences between the TAGRISSO and EGFR TKI comparator groups infunctioning or HRQL.
FLAURA2 - Combination Therapy
Probability of Progression-Free Survival
The efficacy and safety of TAGRISSO in combination with pemetrexed and platinum-basedchemotherapy for the treatment of patients with EGFR mutation-positive locally advanced ormetastatic NSCLC, who had not received previous systemic treatment for advanced disease, wasdemonstrated in a randomised, open-label, active-controlled study (FLAURA2). Patient tumour tissuesamples were required to have one of the two common EGFR mutations known to be associated with
EGFR TKI sensitivity (Ex19del or L858R), as identified by local or central testing.
Patients were randomised (1:1) to one of the following treatment arms:
* TAGRISSO (80 mg) orally once daily with pemetrexed (500 mg/m2) and the investigator’s choiceof cisplatin (75 mg/m2) or carboplatin (AUC5) administered intravenously on Day 1 of every 21-day cycle for 4 cycles, followed by TAGRISSO (80 mg) orally once daily and pemetrexed(500 mg/m2) administered intravenously every 3 weeks (n=279)
* TAGRISSO (80 mg) orally once daily (n=278)
Randomisation was stratified by race (Chinese/Asian, non-Chinese/Asian or non-Asian), WHOperformance status (0 or 1), and method for tissue testing (central or local). Patients received studytherapy until intolerance to therapy, or the investigator determined that the patient was no longerexperiencing clinical benefit.
The primary efficacy endpoint was PFS as assessed by investigator per RECIST 1.1 and the keysecondary efficacy endpoint was OS.
The baseline demographic and disease characteristics of the overall study population were: median age61 years (range 26-85 years), ≥75 years old (8%), female (61%), Asian (64%), White (28%), neversmokers (66%). Baseline WHO performance status was 0 (37%) or 1 (63%); 98.7% hadpredominantly adenocarcinoma histology. Of the patients who had metastatic disease, 49% hadmetastatic bone disease, 53% had extra-thoracic metastases and 20% had liver metastases. Forty-onepercent (41%) of patients had CNS metastases (identified by investigator based on CNS lesion site atbaseline, medical history, and/or prior surgery, and/or prior radiotherapy to CNS metastases). Withregard to tumour EGFR mutation type at randomisation, 60.5% were exon 19 deletions and 38.2%were exon 21 L858R; 0.7% of patients had tumours with both exon 19 deletions and exon 21 L858R.
TAGRISSO in combination with pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy demonstrated astatistically significant improvement in PFS compared to TAGRISSO monotherapy. The PFS benefitwas consistent across all subgroups analysed. At the time of the second interim analysis of OS (DCO08 January 2024), statistical significance was not reached.
Efficacy results from FLAURA2 by investigator assessment are summarised in Table 7, the
Kaplan-Meier curve for PFS is shown in Figure 9 and the Kaplan-Meier curve for OS is shown in
Figure 10.
Table 7. Efficacy results from FLAURA2 by investigator assessment
TAGRISSO withpemetrexed and TAGRISSO
Efficacy parameterplatinum-based (N=278)chemotherapy (N=279)
Progression-Free Survival
Number (%) of events 120 (43) 166 (60)
Median PFS, months (95% CI)a 25.5 (24.7, NC) 16.7 (14.1, 21.3)
HR (95% CI); P-value 0.62 (0.49, 0.79); P<0.0001
TAGRISSO withpemetrexed and TAGRISSO
Efficacy parameterplatinum-based (N=278)chemotherapy (N=279)
Overall Survival
Number (%) of deaths 100 (36) 126 (45)
Median OS, months (95% CI) NC (38.0, NC) 36.7 (33.2, NC)
HR (95% CI); P-value 0.75 (0.57, 0.97); P=0.0280b
HR=Hazard Ratio; CI=Confidence Interval, NC=Not Calculable
PFS based on RECIST investigator assessment.
Median follow-up time for PFS in all patients was 19.5 months in the TAGRISSO with pemetrexed and platinum-basedchemotherapy arm and 16.5 months in the TAGRISSO monotherapy arm.
PFS results are from DCO 03 April 2023 (51% maturity). OS results are from DCO 08 January 2024 (41% maturity).a PFS results by BICR were consistent with those reported via investigator assessment.b Based on the second interim analysis (41% maturity) a p-value <0.000001 was required to achieve statistical significance.
Figure 9. Kaplan-Meier curves of progression-free survival as assessed by investigator in
FLAURA2
TAGRISSO + Chemo (N=279)
Median 25.5 months
TAGRISSO (N=278)
Median 16.7 months
Hazard Ratio = 0.6295% CI (0.49, 0.79)
P-value <0.0001
TAGRISSO + Chemo
TAGRISSO
Time from randomisation (months)
Number at risk
TAGRISSO + Chemo
TAGRISSO+ Censored patients.
Chemo = Pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy.
The values at the base of the figure indicate number of patients at risk.
Probability of Progression-Free Survival
Figure 10. Kaplan-Meier Curves of Overall Survival in FLAURA2
TAGRISSO + Chemo (N=279)
Median NC
TAGRISSO (N=278)
Median 36.7 months
Hazard Ratio = 0.7595% CI (0.57, 0.97)
TAGRISSO + Chemo
TAGRISSO P-value 0.0280
Time from randomisation (months)
Number at risk
TAGRISSO + Chemo
TAGRISSO+ Censored patients.
Chemo = Pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy.
The values at the base of the figure indicate number of patients at risk.
CNS metastases efficacy data in FLAURA2 study
Patients with asymptomatic CNS metastases not requiring steroids and with stable neurologic statusfor at least two weeks after completion of the definitive therapy and steroids were eligible to berandomised in the FLAURA2 study. All patients had available baseline brain scans. A BICRassessment, using modified RECIST, of these scans resulted in a subgroup of 222/557 (40%) patientswith CNS measurable and/or non-measurable lesions (cFAS) and a further subgroup of 78/557 (14%)patients with CNS measurable lesions (cEFR). Based on an exploratory analysis, CNS response ratewas >65% in both treatment arms with a higher complete response rate in the TAGRISSO withpemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy arm (59.3% of patients) compared to the TAGRISSOmonotherapy arm (43.3% of patients). Median DoR was not reached in the TAGRISSO withpemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy arm and was 26.2 months in the TAGRISSOmonotherapy arm. In the cEFR subgroup, 47.5% of patients in the TAGRISSO with pemetrexed andplatinum-based chemotherapy arm had a CNS complete response compared to 15.8% of patients in the
TAGRISSO monotherapy arm.
Pre-treated T790M-positive NSCLC patients - AURA3
The efficacy and safety of TAGRISSO for the treatment of patients with locally advanced ormetastatic T790M NSCLC whose disease has progressed on or after EGFR TKI therapy, wasdemonstrated in a randomised, open-label, active-controlled Phase 3 study (AURA3). All patientswere required to have EGFR T790M mutation-positive NSCLC identified by the cobas EGFRmutation test performed in a central laboratory prior to randomisation. The T790M mutation statuswas also assessed using ctDNA extracted from a plasma sample taken during screening. The primaryefficacy outcome was PFS as assessed by investigator. Additional efficacy outcome measures included
ORR, DoR and OS as assessed by investigator.
Patients were randomised in a 2:1 (TAGRISSO: platinum-based doublet chemotherapy) ratio toreceive TAGRISSO (n=279) or platinum-based doublet chemotherapy (n=140). Randomisation wasstratified by ethnicity (Asian and non-Asian). Patients in the TAGRISSO arm received TAGRISSO
Probability of Overall Survival80 mg orally once daily until intolerance to therapy, or the investigator determined that the patient wasno longer experiencing clinical benefit. Chemotherapy consisted of pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 withcarboplatin AUC5 or pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 with cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on Day 1 of every 21-day cyclefor up to 6 cycles. Patients whose disease has not progressed after four cycles of platinum-basedchemotherapy may receive pemetrexed maintenance therapy (pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 on Day 1 ofevery 21-day cycle). Subjects on the chemotherapy arm who had objective radiological progression(by the investigator and confirmed by independent central imaging review) were given the opportunityto begin treatment with TAGRISSO.
The baseline demographic and disease characteristics of the overall study population were: median age62, ≥75 years old (15%), female (64%), White (32%), Asian (65%), never smoker (68%), WHOperformance status 0 or 1 (100%). Fifty-four percent (54%) of patients had extra-thoracic visceralmetastases, including 34% with CNS metastases (identified by CNS lesion site at baseline, medicalhistory, and/or prior surgery, and/or prior radiotherapy to CNS metastases) and 23% with livermetastases. Forty-two percent (42%) of patients had metastatic bone disease.
AURA3 demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in PFS in the patients treated with
TAGRISSO compared to chemotherapy. Efficacy results from AURA3 by investigator assessment aresummarised in Table 8, and the Kaplan-Meier curve for PFS is shown in Figure 11. No statisticallysignificant difference was observed between the treatment arms at the final OS analysis.
Table 8. Efficacy results from AURA3 by investigator assessment
Efficacy parameter TAGRISSO Chemotherapy(N=279) (Pemetrexed/Cisplatin or
Pemetrexed/Carboplatin)(N=140)
Progression-free survival
Number of events (% maturity) 140 (50) 110 (79)
Median PFS, months (95% CI) 10.1 (8.3, 12.3) 4.4 (4.2, 5.6)
HR (95% CI); P-value 0.30 (0.23,0.41); P<0.001
Overall survival (OS)a
Number of deaths (% maturity) 188 (67.4) 93 (66.4)
Median OS, months (95% CI) 26.8 (23.5, 31.5) 22.5 (20.2, 28.8)
HR (95.56% CI); P-value 0.87 (0.67, 1.13); P=0.277
Objective response rateb
Number of responses, response rate 197 44(95% CI) 71% (65, 76) 31% (24, 40)
Odds ratio (95% CI); P-value 5.4 (3.5, 8.5); P<0.001
Duration of response (DoR)b
Median DoR, months (95% CI) 9.7 (8.3, 11.6) 4.1 (3.0, 5.6)
HR=Hazard Ratio; CI=Confidence Interval; NC=Non-calculable; OS=Overall Survival
All efficacy results based on RECIST investigator assessment.a The final analysis of OS was performed at 67% maturity. The CI for the HR has been adjusted for previous interim analyses.
The OS analysis was not adjusted for the potentially confounding effects of crossover (99 [71%] patients on thechemotherapy arm received subsequent osimertinib treatment).b ORR and DoR results by investigator assessment were consistent with those reported via BICR; ORR by BICR assessmentwas 64.9% [95% CI: 59.0, 70.5] on osimertinib and 34.3 % [95% CI: 25.6, 42.8] on chemotherapy; DoR by BICR assessmentwas 11.2 months (95% CI: 8.3, NC) on osimertinib and 3.1 months (95% CI: 2.9, pct. 4.3) on chemotherapy.
Figure 11. Kaplan-Meier curves of progression-free survival as assessed by investigator in
AURA3
A sensitivity analysis of PFS was conducted by a BICR and showed a median PFS of 11.0 monthswith TAGRISSO compared with 4.2 months with chemotherapy. This analysis demonstrated aconsistent treatment effect (HR 0.28; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.38) with that observed by investigatorassessment.
Clinically meaningful improvements in PFS with HRs less than 0.50 in favour of patients receiving
TAGRISSO compared to those receiving chemotherapy were consistently observed in all predefinedsubgroups analysed, including ethnicity, age, gender, smoking history and EGFR mutation (Exon 19deletion and L858R).
CNS metastases efficacy data in AURA3 study
Patients with asymptomatic, stable brain metastases not requiring steroids for at least 4 weeks prior tothe start of study treatment were eligible to be randomised in the study. A BICR assessment of CNSefficacy by RECIST v1.1 in the subgroup of 116/419 (28%) patients identified to have CNSmetastases on a baseline brain scan are summarised in Table 9.
Table 9. CNS efficacy by BICR in patients with CNS metastases on a baseline brain scan in
AURA3
Efficacy parameter TAGRISSO Chemotherapy(Pemetrexed/Cisplatin or
Pemetrexed/Carboplatin)
CNS objective response ratea
CNS response rate % (n/N) 70% (21/30) 31% (5/16)(95% CI) (51, 85) (11%, 59%)
Odds ratio (95% CI); P-value 5.1 (1.4, 21); P=0.015
CNS duration of responseb
Median CNS DoR, months (95% CI) 8.9 (4.3, NC) 5.7 (NC, NC)
CNS disease control rate
CNS disease control rate % (n/N) 87% (65/75) 68% (28/41)(95% CI) (77, 93) (52, 82)
Odds ratio (95% CI); P-value 3 (1.2, 7.9); P=0.021
CNS progression-free survivalc N=75 N=41
Number of events (% maturity) 19 (25) 16 (39)
Median CNS PFS, months (95% CI) 11.7 (10, NC) 5.6 (4.2, 9.7)
HR (95% CI); P-value 0.32 (0.15, 0.69); P=0.004a CNS Objective Response Rate and Duration of Response determined by RECIST v1.1 by CNS BICR in theevaluable for response population (CNS measurable lesions at baseline by BICR) n=30 for TAGRISSO andn=16 for Chemotherapy.b Based on patients with response only; DoR defined as the time from the date of first documented response(complete response or partial response) until progression or death event; DCR defined as the proportion ofpatients with response (complete response or partial response), or stable disease ≥6 weeks.c CNS Progression Free Survival determined by RECIST v1.1 by CNS BICR in the full analysis set population(CNS measurable and non-measurable lesions at baseline by BICR) n=75 for TAGRISSO and n=41 for
Chemotherapy.
A HR <1 favours TAGRISSO.
A pre-specified PFS subgroup analysis based on CNS metastases status at study entry was performedin AURA3 and is shown in Figure 12.
Figure 12. Overall PFS by investigator assessment by CNS metastases status at study entry,
Kaplan-Meier plot (full analysis set) in AURA3
AURA3 demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in PFS for patients receiving
TAGRISSO compared to those receiving chemotherapy irrespective of CNS metastases status at studyentry.
Patient-reported outcomes
Patient-reported symptoms and HRQL were electronically collected using the EORTC QLQ-C30 andits lung cancer module (EORTC QLQ-LC13). The LC13 was initially administered once a week forthe first 6 weeks, then every 3 weeks before and after progression. The C30 was assessed every6 weeks before and after progression.
Key lung cancer symptoms analysis
TAGRISSO improved patient-reported lung cancer symptoms compared to chemotherapy bydemonstrating a statistically significant difference in mean change from baseline versus chemotherapyduring the overall time period from randomisation until 6 months for 5 pre-specified primary PROsymptoms (appetite loss, cough, chest pain, dyspnoea, and fatigue) as shown in Table 10.
Table 10. Mixed Model Repeated Measures - Key lung cancer symptoms - mean change frombaseline in TAGRISSO patients compared with chemotherapy
Appetite Loss Cough Chest Pain Dyspnoea Fatigue
Arms TAGRISS Chemo TAGRISS Chemo TAGRISS Chemo TAGRISS Chemo TAGRISS Chemo
O - O - O - O - O -(279) therapy (279) therapy (279) therapy (279) therapy (279) therapy(140) (140) (140) (140) (140)
N 239 97 228 113 228 113 228 113 239 97
Adj Mean -5.51 2.73 -12.22 -6.69 -5.15 0.22 -5.61 1.48 -5.68 4.71
Estimated -8.24 -5.53 -5.36 -7.09 -10.39
Differenc (-12.88, 3.60) (-8.89, -2.17) (-8.20, -2.53) (-9.86, -4.33) (-14.55, -6.23)e(95%CI)p-value p<0.001 p=0.001 p<0.001 p<0.001 p<0.001
Adjusted mean and estimated differences obtained from a Mixed Model Repeated Measures (MMRM) analysis. The model included patient,treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, baseline symptom score, and baseline symptom score-by-visit interaction and used anunstructured covariance matrix.
HRQL and physical functioning improvement analysis
Patients on TAGRISSO had significantly greater chances of achieving a clinically meaningfulimprovement of greater than or equal to 10 points on the global health status and physical functioningof the EORTC-C30 questionnaire compared with chemotherapy during the study period Odds Ratio(OR) global health status: 2.11, (95% CI: 1.24, 3.67, p=0.007); OR physical functioning 2.79 (95%
CI: 1.50, 5.46, p=0.002).
Pre-treated T790M-positive NSCLC patients - AURAex and AURA2
Two single-arm, open-label clinical studies, AURAex (Phase 2 Extension cohort, (n=201)) and
AURA2 (n=210) were conducted in patients with EGFR T790M mutation-positive lung cancer whohave progressed on one or more prior systemic therapies, including an EGFR TKI. All patients wererequired to have EGFR T790M mutation-positive NSCLC identified by the cobas EGFR mutation testperformed in a central laboratory prior to treatment. The T790M mutation status was also assessedretrospectively using ctDNA extracted from a plasma sample taken during screening. All patientsreceived TAGRISSO at a dose of 80 mg once daily. The primary efficacy outcome measure of thesetwo studies was ORR according to RECIST v1.1 as evaluated by a BICR. Secondary efficacy outcomemeasures included DoR and PFS.
Baseline characteristics of the overall study population (AURAex and AURA2) were as follows:
median age 63 years, 13% of patients were ≥75 years old, female (68%), White (36%), Asian (60%).
All patients received at least one prior line of therapy. Thirty-one percent (31%) (N=129) had received1 prior line of therapy (EGFR-TKI treatment only), 69% (N=282) had received 2 or more prior lines.
Seventy-two percent (72%) of patients were never smokers, 100% of patients had a WHOperformance status of 0 or 1. Fifty-nine percent (59%) of patients had extra-thoracic visceralmetastasis including 39% with CNS metastases (identified by CNS lesion site at baseline, medicalhistory, and/or prior surgery and/or prior radiotherapy to CNS metastases) and 29% with livermetastases. Forty-seven percent (47%) of patients had metastatic bone disease. The median duration offollow up for PFS was 12.6 months.
In the 411 pre-treated EGFR T790M mutation-positive patients, the total ORR by BICR was 66%(95% CI: 61, 71). In patients with a confirmed response by BICR, the median DoR was 12.5 months(95% CI: 11.1, NE). The ORR by BICR in AURAex was 62% (95% CI: 55, 68) and 70% (95% CI:
63, 77) in AURA2. The median PFS was 11.0 months (95% CI: 9.6, 12.4).
Objective response rates by BICR above 50% were observed in all predefined subgroups analysed,including line of therapy, ethnicity, age and region.
In the evaluable for response population, 85% (223/262) had documentation of response at the time ofthe first scan (6 weeks); 94% (247/262) had documentation of response at the time of the second scan(12 weeks).
CNS metastases efficacy data in Phase 2 studies (AURAex and AURA2)
A BICR assessment of CNS efficacy by RECIST v 1.1 was performed in a subgroup of 50 (out of 411)patients identified to have measurable CNS metastases on a baseline brain scan. A CNS ORR of 54%(27/50 patients; 95% CI: 39.3, 68.2) was observed with 12% of these responses being completeresponses.
Clinical studies have not been conducted in patients with de novo EGFR T790M mutation-positive
NSCLC.Paediatric populationThe European Medicines Agency has waived the obligation to submit the results of studies with
TAGRISSO in all subsets of the paediatric population in NSCLC (see section 4.2 for information onpaediatric use).