Indicated for: influenza
Route of administration: inhalation
Substance: zanamivir (neuraminidase inhibitor)
ATC: J05AH01 (Antiinfectives for systemic use | Direct acting antivirals | Neuraminidase inhibitors)
Zanamivir is an antiviral medication used for the treatment and prevention of influenza caused by influenza A and B viruses. It belongs to the class of neuraminidase inhibitors and works by blocking the neuraminidase enzyme, which is essential for the release of viral particles from infected cells. By inhibiting this enzyme, zanamivir limits the spread of the virus in the body.
Zanamivir is administered via oral inhalation using a special device, and treatment should be initiated as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms, preferably within the first 48 hours. It is used both for treating influenza infection and for preventing it in cases of exposure to the virus.
Common side effects include cough, throat irritation, headache, and nausea. In rare cases, severe adverse reactions such as bronchospasm, allergic reactions, or worsening of pre-existing respiratory conditions like asthma may occur.
Patients using zanamivir should be monitored for signs of adverse reactions, especially those with chronic respiratory conditions. The medication is an effective option for managing influenza, helping to reduce the duration and severity of symptoms as well as prevent associated complications.