Pharmacotherapeutic group: Immunosuppressants, interleukin inhibitors, ATC code: L04AC24
Mechanism of actionMirikizumab is a humanised IgG4 monoclonal, anti-interleukin-23 (anti-IL-23) antibody thatselectively binds to the p19 subunit of human IL-23 cytokine and inhibits its interaction with the
IL-23 receptor.
IL-23, a regulatory cytokine, affects the differentiation, expansion, and survival of T cell subsets,(e.g., Th17 cells and Tc17 cells) and innate immune cell subsets, which represent sources of effectorcytokines, including IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22 that drive inflammatory disease. In humans, selectiveblockade of IL-23 was shown to normalise production of these cytokines.
Pharmacodynamic effectsInflammatory biomarkers were measured in the phase 3 ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s diseasestudies. Mirikizumab administered intravenously every 4 weeks during induction dosingsignificantly reduced levels of fecal calprotectin and C-reactive protein from baseline to week 12.
Also, mirikizumab administered subcutaneously every 4 weeks during maintenance dosing sustainedsignificantly reduced levels of fecal calprotectin and C-reactive protein up to 52 weeks.
Clinical efficacy and safetyUlcerative colitisThe efficacy and safety of mirikizumab was evaluated in adult patients with moderately to severelyactive ulcerative colitis in two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre studies.
Enrolled patients had a confirmed diagnosis of ulcerative colitis for at least 3 months and moderatelyto severely active disease, defined as a modified Mayo score of 4 to 9, including a Mayo endoscopysubscore ≥ 2. Patients had to have failed (defined as loss of response, inadequate response orintolerance) corticosteroids or immunomodulators (6-mercaptopurine, azathioprine) or at least onebiologic (a TNFα antagonist and/or vedolizumab) or tofacitinib.
LUCENT-1 was an intravenous induction study with treatment of up to 12 weeks, followed by a40 week subcutaneous randomised withdrawal maintenance study (LUCENT-2), representing at least52 weeks of therapy. Mean age was 42.5 years. 7.8 % of patients were ≥ 65 of age and 1.0 % ofpatients ≥ 75 of age. 59.8 % were men; 40.2 % were women. 53.2 % had severely active disease witha modified Mayo score 7 to 9.
Efficacy results presented for LUCENT-1 and LUCENT-2 were based on central reading ofendoscopies and histology.
LUCENT-1
LUCENT-1 included 1 162 patients in the primary efficacy population. Patients were randomised toreceive a dose of 300 mg mirikizumab via intravenous infusion or placebo, at week 0, week 4 andweek 8 with a 3:1 treatment allocation ratio. The primary endpoint for the induction study was theproportion of subjects in clinical remission [modified Mayo score (MMS) defined as: Stoolfrequency (SF) subscore = 0 or 1 with a ≥ 1-point decrease from baseline, and rectal bleeding (RB)subscore = 0, and Endoscopic subscore (ES) = 0 or 1 (excluding friability)] at week 12.
Patients in these studies may have received other concomitant therapies includingaminosalicylates (74.3 %), immunomodulatory agents (24.1 % such as azathioprine,6-mercaptopurine or methotrexate), and oral corticosteroids (39.9 %; prednisone daily dose up to20 mg or equivalent) at a stable dose prior to and during the induction period. Per protocol oralcorticosteroids were tapered after induction.
Of the primary efficacy population, 57.1 % were biologic-naive and tofacitinib-naive. 41.2 % ofpatients had failed a biologic or tofacitinib. 36.3 % of the patients had failed at least 1 prior anti-TNFtherapy, 18.8 % had failed vedolizumab and 3.4 % of patients had failed tofacitinib. 20.1 % hadfailed more than one biologic or tofacitinib. An additional 1.7 % had previously received but had notfailed a biologic or tofacitinib.
In LUCENT-1 a significantly greater proportion of patients were in clinical remission in themirikizumab treated group compared to placebo at week 12 (Table 2). As early as week 2,mirikizumab-treated patients achieved a greater reduction in RB subscores and decreases in SFsubscores.
Table 2: Summary of key efficacy outcomes in LUCENT-1 (week 12 unless indicatedotherwise)
Placebo Mirikizumab IVn = 294 n = 868 Treatmentdifferencen % n % and 99.875 % CI
Clinical remission*1 39 13.3 % 210 24.2 % 11.1 %(3.2 %, 19.1 %)c
Patients who were biologic and
JAK-inhibitor naïve a 27/171 15.8 % 152/492 30.9 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 10/118 8.5 % 55/361 15.2 % - - -
Alternate clinical remission*2 43 14.6 % 222 25.6 % 11.1 %(3.0 %, 19.3 %)c
Patients who were biologic and
JAK-inhibitor naïve a 31/171 18.1 % 160/492 32.5 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 10/118 8.5 % 59/361 16.3 % - - -
Clinical response*3 124 42.2 % 551 63.5 % 21.4 %(10.8 %, 32.0 %)c
Patients who were biologic and
JAK-inhibitor naïve a 86/171 50.3 % 345/492 70.1 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 35/118 29.7 % 197/361 54.6 % - - -
Endoscopic improvement*4 62 21.1 % 315 36.3 % 15.4 %(6.3 %, 24.5 %)c
Patients who were biologic and
JAK-inhibitor naïve a 48/171 28.1 % 226/492 45.9 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 12/118 10.2 % 85/361 23.5 % - - -
Symptomatic remission(week 4)*5 38 12.9 % 189 21.8 % 9.2 %(1.4 %, 16.9 %)c
Patients who were biologic and
JAK-inhibitor naïve a 26/171 15.2 % 120/492 24.4 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 10/118 8.5 % 67/361 18.6 % - - -
Symptomatic remission*5 82 27.9 % 395 45.5 % 17.5 %(7.5 %, 27.6 %)c
Patients who were biologic and
JAK-inhibitor naïve a 57/171 33.3 % 248/492 50.4 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 22/118 18.6 % 139/361 38.5 % - - -
Histo-endoscopic mucosalimprovement*6 41 13.9 % 235 27.1 % 13.4 %(5.5 %, 21.4 %)c
Patients who were biologic and
JAK-inhibitor naïve a 32/171 18.7 % 176/492 35.8 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 8/118 6.8 % 56/361 15.5 % - - -
Placebo Mirikizumab IVn = 294 n = 868 Treatmentdifference
LS Standard LS Standard and 99.875 % CImean error mean error
Bowel urgency severity*7 -1.63 0.141 -2.59 0.083 -0.95(-1.47, -0.44)c
Patients who were biologic and
JAK-inhibitor naïve a -2.08 0.174 -2.72 0.101 - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d -0.95 0.227 -2.46 0.126 - - -
Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; IV = intravenous; LS = least square
*1 Clinical remission is based on the modified Mayo score (MMS) and is defined as: Stool frequency(SF) subscore = 0 or 1 with a ≥ 1-point decrease from baseline, and Rectal bleeding (RB)subscore = 0, and Endoscopic subscore (ES) = 0 or 1 (excluding friability)
*2 Alternate clinical remission is based on the modified Mayo score (MMS) and is defined as: Stoolfrequency (SF) subscore = 0 or 1, and Rectal bleeding (RB) subscore = 0, and Endoscopicsubscore (ES) = 0 or 1 (excluding friability)
*3 Clinical response based on the MMS and is defined as: A decrease in the MMS of ≥ 2 points and≥ 30 % decrease from baseline, and a decrease of ≥ 1 point in the RB subscore from baseline or a
RB score of 0 or 1
*4 Endoscopic improvement defined as: ES = 0 or 1 (excluding friability)
*5 Symptomatic remission defined as: SF = 0, or SF = 1 with a ≥ 1-point decrease from baseline,and RB = 0
*6 Histo-endoscopic mucosal improvement defined as achieving both: 1. Histologic improvement,defined using Geboes scoring system with neutrophil infiltration in < 5 % of crypts, no cryptdestruction, and no erosions, ulcerations, or granulation tissue. 2. Endoscopic improvement,defined as ES = 0 or 1 (excluding friability).
*7 Change from baseline in the Urgency Numeric Rating Scale scorea) An additional 5 patients on placebo and 15 patients on mirikizumab where previously exposed tobut did not fail a biologic or JAK-inhibitor.b) Loss of response, inadequate response or intolerance.c) p < 0.001d) Mirikizumab results in the subgroup of patients who failed more than one biologic or
JAK-inhibitor were consistent with results in the overall population.
LUCENT-2
LUCENT-2 evaluated 544 patients out of the 551 patients who achieved clinical response withmirikizumab in LUCENT-1 at week 12 (see Table 2). Patients were re-randomised in a 2:1 treatmentallocation ratio to receive a subcutaneous maintenance regimen of 200 mg mirikizumab or placeboevery 4 weeks for 40 weeks (which is 52 weeks from initiation of the induction dose). The primaryendpoint for the maintenance study was the proportion of subjects in clinical remission (samedefinition as in LUCENT-1) at week 40. Corticosteroid tapering was required upon entrance into
LUCENT-2 for patients who were receiving corticosteroids during LUCENT-1. Significantly greaterproportions of patients were in clinical remission in the mirikizumab-treated group compared to theplacebo group at week 40 (see Table 3).
Table 3: Summary of key efficacy measures in LUCENT-2 (week 40; 52 weeks from initiationof the induction dose)
Placebo Mirikizumab SC Treatmentn = 179 n = 365 difference and95 % CIn % n %
Clinical remission*1 45 25.1 % 182 49.9 % 23.2 %(15.2 %, 31.2 %)c
Patients who were biologicand JAK-inhibitor naïve a 35/114 30.7 % 118/229 51.5 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 10/64 15.6 % 59/128 46.1 % - - -
Alternate clinical remission*2 47 26.3 % 189 51.8 % 24.1 %(16.0 %, 32.2 %)c
Patients who were biologicand JAK-inhibitor naïve a 37/114 32.5 % 124/229 54.1 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 10/64 15.6 % 60/128 46.9 % - - -
Maintenance of clinical 24.8 %remission through week 40*3 24/65 36.9 % 91/143 63.6 %(10.4 %, 39.2 %)c
Patients who were biologicand JAK-inhibitor naïve a 22/47 46.8 % 65/104 62.5 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 2/18 11.1 % 24/36 66.7 % - - -
Corticosteroid-free remission*4 39 21.8 % 164 44.9 % 21.3 %(13.5 %, 29.1 %)c
Patients who were biologicand JAK-inhibitor naïve a 30/114 26.3 % 107/229 46.7 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 9/64 14.1 % 52/128 40.6 % - - -
Endoscopic improvement*5 52 29.1 % 214 58.6 % 28.5 %(20.2 %, 36.8 %)c
Patients who were biologicand JAK-inhibitor naïve a 39/114 34.2 % 143/229 62.4 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 13/64 20.3 % 65/128 50.8 % - - -
Histo-endoscopic mucosalremission*6 39 21.8 % 158 43.3 % 19.9 %(12.1 %, 27.6 %)c
Patients who were biologicand JAK-inhibitor naïve a 30/114 26.3 % 108/229 47.2 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 9/64 14.1 % 46/128 35.9 % - - -
Bowel urgency remission*7 43/172 25.0 % 144/336 42.9 % 18.1 %(9.8 %, 26.4 %)c
Patients who were biologicand JAK-inhibitor naïve a 31/108 28.7 % 96/206 46.6 % - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d 12/63 19.0 % 43/122 35.2 % - - -
Placebo Mirikizumab SC Treatmentn = 179 n = 365 difference and95 % CI
LS Standard LS Standardmean error mean error
Bowel urgency severity*8 -2.74 0.202 -3.80 0.139 -1.06(-1.51, -0.61)c
Patients who were biologicand JAK-inhibitor naïve a -2.69 0.233 -3.82 0.153 - - -
Patients who failed b at leastone biologic or JAK-inhibitor d -2.66 0.346 -3.60 0.228 - - -
Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; SC = subcutaneous; LS = least square
*1, 2 See footnotes on Table 2
*3 The proportion of patients who were in clinical remission at week 40 among patients in clinicalremission at week 12, with clinical remission defined as: Stool frequency (SF) subscore = 0 or
SF = 1 with a ≥ 1-point decrease from induction baseline, and Rectal bleeding (RB)subscore = 0, and Endoscopic subscore (ES) = 0 or 1 (excluding friability)
*4 Corticosteroid-free remission without surgery, defined as: Clinical remission at week 40, and
Symptomatic remission at week 28, and no corticosteroid use for ≥ 12 weeks prior to week 40
*5 Endoscopic improvement defined as: ES = 0 or 1 (excluding friability)
*6 Histo-endoscopic mucosal remission, defined as achieving both: 1. Histologic remission, definedas Geboes subscores of 0 for grades: 2b (lamina propria neutrophils), and 3 (neutrophils inepithelium), and 4 (crypt destruction), and 5 (erosion or ulceration) and 2. Mayo endoscopicscore 0 or 1 (excluding friability)
*7 Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 0 or 1 in patients with urgency NRS ≥ 3 at baseline in LUCENT-1
*8 Change from baseline in the Urgency NRS scorea) An additional 1 patient on placebo and 8 patients on mirikizumab where previously exposed tobut did not fail a biologic or JAK-inhibitor.b) Loss of response, inadequate response or intolerance.c) p < 0.001d) Mirikizumab results in the subgroup of patients who failed more than one biologic or
JAK-inhibitor were consistent with results in the overall population.
The efficacy and safety profile of mirikizumab was consistent across subgroups, i.e. age, gender,body weight, disease activity severity at baseline and region. The effect size may vary.
At week 40, a greater proportion of patients were in clinical response (defined as decrease in the
MMS of ≥ 2 points and ≥ 30 % decrease from baseline, and a decrease of ≥ 1 point in the RBsubscore from baseline or a RB score of 0 or 1) in the mirikizumab responder group re-randomisedto mirikizumab (80 %) compared to the mirikizumab responder group re-randomised to placebo(49 %).
Week 24 responders to mirikizumab extended induction (LUCENT-2)
For the mirikizumab patients who were not in response at week 12 of LUCENT-1 and receivedopen-label additional 3 doses of 300 mg mirikizumab IV every 4 weeks (Q4W) 53.7 % achievedclinical response at week 12 of LUCENT-2 and 52.9 % mirikizumab patients continued tomaintenance receiving 200 mg mirikizumab Q4W SC, and among these patients 72.2 % achievedclinical response and 36.1 % achieved clinical remission at week 40.
Recapture of efficacy after loss of response to mirikizumab maintenance (LUCENT-2)19 patients who experienced a first loss of response (5.2 %) between week 12 and 28 of LUCENT-2received open-label mirikizumab rescue dosing with 300 mg mirikizumab Q4W IV for 3 doses and12 of these patients (63.2 %) achieved symptomatic response and 7 patients (36.8 %) achievedsymptomatic remission after 12 weeks.
Endoscopic normalisation at week 40
Normalisation of endoscopic appearance of the mucosa was defined as a Mayo endoscopic subscoreof 0. At week 40 of LUCENT-2, endoscopic normalisation was achieved in 81/365 (22.2 %) ofpatients treated with mirikizumab and in 24/179 (13.4 %) of patients in placebo group.
Histologic outcomes
At week 12 greater proportions of patients in the mirikizumab group achieved histologicimprovement (39.2 %) compared with patients in the placebo group (20.7 %). At week 40 histologicremission was observed with more patients in the mirikizumab group (48.5 %) as compared toplacebo (24.6 %).
Stable maintenance of symptomatic remission
Stable maintenance of symptomatic remission was defined as the proportion of patients insymptomatic remission for at least 7 out of 9 visits from week 4 to week 36 and in symptomaticremission at week 40 among patients in symptomatic remission and clinical response at week 12 of
LUCENT-1. At week 40 of LUCENT-2, the proportion of patients achieving stable maintenance ofsymptomatic remission was greater in patients treated with mirikizumab (69.7 %) versus placebo(38.4 %).
Health-related quality of lifeAt week 12 of LUCENT-1, patients receiving mirikizumab showed significantly greater clinicallyrelevant improvements on the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) total score(p ≤ 0.001) when compared to placebo. IBDQ response was defined as at least a 16-pointimprovement from baseline in IBDQ score and IBDQ remission was defined as a score of atleast 170. At week 12 of LUCENT-1, 57.5 % of mirikizumab-treated patients achieved IBDQremission versus 39.8 % with placebo (p < 0.001) and 72.7 % of mirikizumab-treated patientsachieved IBDQ response versus 55.8 % in placebo. In LUCENT-2 at week 40, 72.3 % ofmirikizumab-treated patients achieved maintenance of IBDQ remission versus 43.0 % placebotreated patients and 79.2 % mirikizumab treated patients achieved IBDQ response versus 49.2 % ofplacebo treated patients.
Patient reported outcomesDecreases in bowel urgency severity were observed as early as week 2 in patients treated withmirikizumab in LUCENT-1. Patients receiving mirikizumab achieved significant bowel urgencyremission compared with patients in the placebo group at week 12 in LUCENT-1 (22.1 % vs12.3 %), and week 40 in LUCENT-2 (42.9 % vs 25 %). Patients receiving mirikizumab showedsignificant improvements in fatigue as early as week 2 of LUCENT-1 and the improvements weremaintained at week 40 of LUCENT-2. As early as week 4 there was also a significantly greaterreduction in abdominal pain.
Hospitalisations and ulcerative colitis related surgeries
Through week 12 of LUCENT-1, the proportion of patients with UC-related hospitalisations were0.3 % (3/868) in the mirikizumab and 3.4 % (10/294) in the placebo group. UC-related surgerieswere reported in 0.3 % (3/868) patients receiving mirikizumab and 0.7 % (2/294) patients in theplacebo group. There were no UC-related hospitalisations and no UC-related surgeries in
LUCENT-2 in the mirikizumab arm.
Crohn’s diseaseThe efficacy and safety of mirikizumab was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo- andactive controlled treat-through designed clinical study VIVID-1 in adult patients with moderately toseverely active Crohn’s disease who had an inadequate response with, loss of response, orintolerance to corticosteroids, immunomodulators (e.g. azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine), or abiologic treatment (e.g. TNFα antagonist or integrin receptor antagonist). This study included amirikizumab 12-week intravenous infusion induction period followed by a 40-week subcutaneousinjection maintenance period. This study also included an ustekinumab comparator arm in theinduction and maintenance periods.
VIVID-1
In VIVID-1, efficacy was evaluated in 1065 patients who were randomized 6:3:2 to receivemirikizumab 900 mg by intravenous infusion (IV) at week 0, week 4, and week 8 followed by amaintenance dose of 300 mg by subcutaneous injection (SC) at week 12 and then every 4 weeks(Q4W) for 40 weeks, ustekinumab approximately 6 mg/kg by IV administration at week 0 followedby 90 mg SC administration every 8 weeks (Q8W) starting at week 8, or placebo. Patientsrandomised to placebo at baseline who achieved clinical response by Patient-Reported Outcome(PRO) at week 12 (defined as at least a 30% decrease in stool frequency (SF) and/or abdominal pain(AP) with neither score worse than baseline) remained on placebo. Patients randomized to placebo atbaseline who did not achieve clinical response by PRO at week 12 received mirikizumab 900 mg by
IV infusion at week 12, week 16, and week 20 followed by a maintenance dose of 300 mg Q4W SCat week 24 through week 48.
Disease activity at baseline was assessed by (1) the unweighted daily average of SF (2), theunweighted daily average AP (ranging from 0 to 3) and (3) Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’sdisease (SES-CD) (ranging from 0 to 56).
Moderately to severely active CD was defined by SF ≥4 and/or AP ≥2 and SES-CD ≥7 (centrallyread) for patients with ileal-colonic and isolated colonic disease or ≥4 for patients with isolated ilealdisease. At baseline patients had a median SF of 6, AP of 2 and SES-CD of 12.
Patients had a mean age of 36 years (range 18 to 76 years); 45 % were female; and 72 % identified as
White, 25 % as Asian, 2 % as Black, and 1 % as another racial group. Patients were permitted to usestable doses of corticosteroids, immunomodulators (e.g., 6-mercatopurine, azathioprine ormethotrexate) and/or aminosalicylates. At baseline, 31 % of patients were receiving oralcorticosteroids, 27 % were receiving immunomodulators, and 44 % were receiving aminosalicylates.
At baseline, 49 % had a loss of response, inadequate response, or intolerance to one or more biologictherapy (prior biologic failure); 46 % of patients had failed TNFα inhibitors and 11 % had failedvedolizumab therapy.
The co-primary endpoints of VIVID-1 were (1) clinical response by PRO at week 12 and endoscopicresponse at week 52 versus placebo and (2) clinical response by PRO at week 12 and clinicalremission by Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) at week 52; the results for the co-primaryendpoints and the major secondary endpoints at week 52 versus placebo are provided in table 4.
The major secondary endpoints at week 12 versus placebo are provided in table 5.
Table 4. Proportion of patients with Crohn’s disease meeting efficacy endpoints in VIVID-1 atw eek 52
Placebo Mirikizumab Treatmentn=199 300 mg SC Difference frominjectiona Placebobn=579 (99.5% CI)n % n %
Co-primary endpoints
Clinical response by PROc at week 12 and 18/199 9 % 220/579 38 % 29%e (21 %, 37 %)endoscopic responsed at week 52
Without prior biologic failure 12/102 12 % 117/298 39 %
Prior biologic failuref 6/97 6 % 103/281 37 %
Clinical response by PROc at week 12 and 39/199 20 % 263/579 45 % 26 %e (16 %, 36 %)clinical remission by CDAIg at week 52
Without prior biologic failure 27/102 27 % 141/298 47 %
Prior biologic failuref 12/97 12 % 122/281 43 %
Additional endpoints
Endoscopic responsed at week 52 18/199h 9 % 280/579 48 % 39 %e (31 %, 47 %)
Without prior biologic failure 12/102h 12 % 154/298 52 %
Prior biologic failuref 6/97h 6 % 126/281 45 %
Clinical remission by CDAIh at week 52 39/199h 20 % 313/579 54 % 35 %e (25 %, 44 %)
Without prior biologic failure 27/102h 27 % 169/298 57 %
Prior biologic failuref 12/97h 12 % 144/281 51 %
Clinical response by PROc at week 12 and 39/199 20 % 263/579 45 % 26 %e (16 %, 36 %)clinical remission by PROi at week 52
Clinical response by PROc at week 12 and 8/199 4 % 136/579 24 % 19 %e (13 %, 26 %)endoscopic remissionj at week 52
Clinical response by PROc at week 12 and 37/199 19 % 253/579 44 % 25 %e (15 %, 35 %)corticosteroid-free clinical remission by
CDAIg, k at Week 52
Abbreviations: AP = abdominal pain; CDAI = Crohn’s Disease Activity Index; CI = confidenceinterval; PRO = 2 of the patient-reported items of the CDAI (SF and AP); SES-CD = Simple
Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease; SF = stool frequency.a Following mirikizumab 900 mg as an IV infusion at week 0, week 4, and week 8 patientsreceived mirikizumab 300 mg as a SC injection at week 12 and every 4 weeks thereafter for up toan additional 40 weeks.
b For binary endpoints adjusted treatment difference was based on Cochran-Mantel-Haenszelmethod adjusted for baseline covariates.
c Clinical response by PRO is defined as at least a 30% decrease in SF and/or AP and neither scoreworse than baseline.
d Endoscopic response is defined as ≥50% reduction from baseline in SES-CD total score, based oncentral reading.
e p <0.000001f Prior biologic failure includes loss of response, inadequate response, or intolerance to one ormore biologic therapy (e.g. TNFα antagonist or integrin receptor antagonist).g Clinical remission by CDAI is defined as CDAI total score < 150.h Placebo sample size includes all patients randomized to placebo at baseline. Placebo patients thatdid not achieve clinical response by PRO at week 12 were considered non-responders at week 52.i Clinical remission by PRO is defined as SF ≤3 and not worse than baseline (according to the
Bristol Stool Scale Category 6 or 7) and AP ≤1 and not worse than baseline.j Endoscopic remission is defined as SES-CD Total Score ≤4 and at least a 2-point reductionversus baseline and no subscore >1 in any individual variable, based on central reading.k Corticosteroid-free is defined as patients who were corticosteroid-free from week 40 to week 52.
Bowel urgency remission
Bowel urgency remission was assessed during VIVID-1 with an urgency numeric rating scale (NRS)of 0 to 10. A greater proportion of patients with a baseline urgency NRS weekly average score ≥3treated with mirikizumab compared to placebo achieved clinical response by PRO at week 12 and anurgency NRS weekly average score of ≤ 2 at week 52 (33 % versus 11 %).
Table 5. Proportion of patients with Crohn’s disease meeting efficacy endpoints in VIVID -1 atweek 12
Endpoint Placebo Mirikizumab Treatmentn=199 900 mg Difference from
IV infusiona Placebobn=579 (99.5% CI)n % n %
Clinical response by PROc 103/199 52 % 409/579 71 % 19 %e (8 %, 30 %)
Clinical remission by CDAIg 50/199 25 % 218/579 38 % 12 %h (2 %, 23 %)
Endoscopic responsed 25/199 13 % 188/579 32 % 20 %e (11 %, 28 %)
Endoscopic remissionj 14/199 7 % 102/579 18 % 11 %h (4 %, 17 %)
Change from baseline in FACIT-fatigueh LS Mean SE LS Mean SE2.6 0.61 5.9 0.36 3.2f (1.2, pct. 5.2)
Abbreviations: FACIT-fatigue = Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - fatigue;
LS Mean = Least Square Mean; SE = Standard Error; others see above table 4.a Weeks 0, 4, 8b see table 4. Also see footnote k.c, d, e, g, j see table 4f p-value <0.005h For change from baseline in FACIT-fatigue, the LS means and treatment difference were basedon ANCOVA model adjusted for baseline FACIT-fatigue and other covariates. At baseline, mean
FACIT-fatigue values were similar across treatment groups and ranged from 32.3-31.5.
Improvements in clinical remission by CDAI were observed as early as week 4 in a greaterproportion of patients treated with mirikizumab compared to placebo.
Reductions in abdominal pain were observed as early as week 4 and in stool frequency as early asweek 6 in patients treated with mirikizumab compared to placebo.
The efficacy and safety profile of mirikizumab was consistent across subgroups, i.e. age, gender,body weight, disease activity severity at baseline and region. The effect size may vary.
Active comparator arm
At week 52, mirikizumab demonstrated non-inferiority (pre-specified margin of -10%) toustekinumab on clinical remission by CDAI (mirikizumab 54 %; ustekinumab 48 %). Superiorityover ustekinumab in week 52 endoscopic response was not achieved (mirikizumab 48 %,ustekinumab 46 %).
Histologic outcome
Across all five intestinal segments 44 % of patients on mirikizumab achieved the composite endpointof clinical response by PRO at week 12 and histologic response at week 52 compared to 16 % ofpatients on placebo. Histologic response at week 52 was achieved by 58 % of patients compared to49% on ustekinumab.
Health-related quality of lifeAt week 12, change in the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) score was 36.9 formirikizumab and 17.4 for placebo; IBDQ response and remission were achieved in 69 % and 52 %of mirikizumab-treated patients versus 45 % and 28 % in placebo patients respectively. Theseimprovements were maintained at week 52.
Paediatric populationThe European Medicines Agency has deferred the obligation to submit the results of studies with
Omvoh in one or more subsets of the paediatric population in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and
Crohn’s disease (see section 4.2 for information on paediatric use).