Indicated for: type 2 diabetes mellitus
Substance: dapagliflozin + metformin (SGLT2 inhibitor + biguanide antidiabetic)
ATC: A10BD15 (Alimentary tract and metabolism | Blood glucose lowering drugs, excl. insulins | Combinations of oral blood glucose lowering drugs)
The combination of dapagliflozin and metformin is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes to improve glycemic control. It is indicated for adult patients who are unable to control their blood sugar levels through diet, exercise, and monotherapy with metformin or other antidiabetic medications. The combination works through complementary mechanisms to lower blood glucose levels.
- Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that acts at the kidney level. It reduces the reabsorption of glucose from urine into the bloodstream, promoting glucose excretion through urine (glycosuria). Additionally, dapagliflozin may contribute to weight loss and blood pressure reduction, which are important benefits for patients with type 2 diabetes.
- Metformin is a biguanide antidiabetic agent that reduces hepatic glucose production (gluconeogenesis) and improves insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. It also helps decrease glucose absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.
This combination is administered as tablets, usually taken twice daily with meals, to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects associated with metformin. It is important for patients to follow their doctor’s recommendations and maintain a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular physical activity.
While effective, this combination may cause side effects. The most common include nausea, diarrhea, urinary tract infections, genital infections (more common in women), and decreased appetite. In rare cases, more serious reactions such as lactic acidosis (associated with metformin) or severe dehydration (due to dapagliflozin-induced glycosuria) may occur. Regular monitoring of renal function and overall health is essential for patients on this therapy.