Indicated for: constipation; hepatic encephalopathy
Route of administration: oral
Substance: lactulose (laxative)
ATC: A06AD11 (Alimentary tract and metabolism | Drugs for constipation | Osmotically acting laxatives)
Lactulose is an osmotic laxative used to treat chronic constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. It works by drawing water into the intestines, softening stools and promoting bowel movement. Additionally, it alters gut flora, promoting beneficial bacteria and reducing blood ammonia levels, which is helpful in liver conditions.
It is administered orally or rectally and has a gradual effect, usually becoming effective within 24-48 hours. Lactulose is preferred over other laxatives due to its safety profile and is commonly used in children, pregnant women, and the elderly.
It is primarily used for chronic constipation but also serves as an adjunct therapy in hepatic encephalopathy to prevent toxin buildup in the body. Compared to other laxatives, it has a gentler effect and a lower risk of dependency.
Side effects may include bloating, flatulence, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea, especially at high doses. It is not recommended for individuals with severe lactose intolerance or intestinal obstruction.