Indicated for: herpes virus infections
Substance: acyclovir (antiviral)
ATC: J05AB01 (Antiinfectives for systemic use | Direct acting antivirals | Nucleosides and nucleotides excl. reverse transcriptase inhibitors)
Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat infections caused by herpes viruses, such as herpes simplex (HSV) and varicella-zoster (VZV). It is indicated for the treatment of oral and genital herpes, chickenpox, and shingles, as well as for preventing recurrences in patients with recurrent herpes infections.
Acyclovir works by inhibiting viral DNA replication, thereby reducing the severity and duration of symptoms. It can be administered orally, topically (as a cream), or intravenously, depending on the severity of the infection.
Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, headaches, or local irritation (with topical use). In rare cases, intravenous administration may cause kidney damage or severe allergic reactions. It is important for patients to stay well-hydrated during treatment to reduce the risk of kidney toxicity.
Acyclovir is effective in managing herpes infections but does not cure the infection, as the virus remains dormant in the body. Treatment should be started as early as possible after symptom onset to maximize effectiveness.