Indicated for: bacterial infections
Substance: benzylpenicillin (penicillin antibiotic)
ATC: J01CE01 (Antiinfectives for systemic use | Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins | Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins)
Benzylpenicillin, also known as penicillin G, is a beta-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. It is effective against Gram-positive bacteria such as streptococci, pneumococci, and sensitive staphylococci, as well as some Gram-negative bacteria like Neisseria meningitidis and Treponema pallidum (the causative agent of syphilis).
Benzylpenicillin is administered parenterally (intramuscularly or intravenously) because it is inactivated by gastric acid if taken orally. It is used to treat conditions such as bacterial pneumonia, endocarditis, meningitis, syphilis, erysipelas, and other severe infections.
Adverse effects may include allergic reactions, ranging from skin rashes to severe anaphylactic reactions. Other possible side effects include nausea, diarrhea, pain at the injection site, and, in rare cases, hematological disorders or neurotoxicity (at high doses).
Benzylpenicillin is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to penicillins or other beta-lactam antibiotics. It should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment or a history of multiple allergies. During pregnancy, it may be administered if the benefits outweigh the risks, but its use should be closely monitored by a doctor.